BBC 6 minute English-Learning in the womb

Transcript of the podcast

Rob: Hello, I’m Rob and this is 6 Minute English and that was a very unusual sound. Do you know what that sound was? Finn is with me today and I think he can help. Hello Finn

Finn: Hello Rob. That was the sound of a baby sucking a dummy – that’s the rubber thing you put in a baby’s mouth to stop it crying

Rob: Very useful! But it sounded strange

Finn: It did. That’s because the dummy was connected to a computer

Rob: Connecting a dummy to a computer is a strange thing to do

Finn: Yes. It is part of a test to understand how unborn babies – called foetuses – learn language. That is what we are talking about today: What babies learn before they are born

Rob: I know we start learning from when we are very young – but I didn’t know it was from that early on! Shall we find out how much you have learnt in your life Finn by asking you a question? This is about the English language. According to a survey by the National Literacy Trust, which one of these words was discovered to be the most common first word for a baby to say – not including Mummy or Daddy

a) dog

b) eat

c) bus

Finn: I think the answer is a) dog

Rob: I’ll tell you the answer later on. Now Finn, this study we are talking says babies learn language in the womb – so, inside the Mother before they are born

Finn: Yes. When babies are born they can identify – or recognise – familiar sounds and language patterns. Ten weeks before they are born, they are listening to their mothers communicate

Rob: Communicate – so they are listening to their mother talking to other people. And it is remembering and learning these sounds

Finn: Yes. And if a baby’s mother is bi-lingual – speaking two languages – the baby can remember sounds from both of these languages. But Rob, you have children, don’t you? Do you think they learnt to recognise your voice before they were born

Rob: That’s difficult to know. After they were born they responded to different sounds but I don’t know if they linked the sounds to a particular person. And now, they don’t listen to me at all

Finn: I don’t believe that! How have they learnt to speak since they were born

Rob: Through listening and copying people. And now my three-year-old son learns French at nursery and I hope that means by the time he starts school he will be very good at it – or we could say, fluent

Finn: Très bien

Rob: Excuse me

Finn: That’s French for very good! Of course, when the baby is in the womb, it is not learning words, it is learning the rhythm of the language. These are the patterns of the sound. It can hear when sounds go up and go down and when they are loud and soft. That is something I try to do when I learn a new language. I listen to the sound patterns of the words – the ups and downs. How do you learn Rob

Rob: Through repetition – by hearing something again and again and then saying it. But here is another question: even though we both speak English we sound different

Finn: Well of course, that is our accent – that is how we say words depending on which country, region, or social class we come from. I have a soft Scottish accent because I am from Scotland! One difference is the intonation – that means the way your voices rises and falls when you speak

Rob: But it is also about the way we pronounce our vowel sounds – like a and o

Finn: That’s true. Some people think we learn our accents before we are born. Here is a little test. Can you tell if this baby is French or German

Rob: That just sounds like a regular baby crying. Can I hear another one please

Finn: OK

Rob: Hmm. That sounds different but I couldn’t tell you where he was from

Finn: The first baby was born to German-speaking parents and the second one was born to French-speaking parents. They picked up the intonation in the voice before they were born

Rob: OK, so the French baby’s cry goes up – it rises – and the German baby’s cry goes down – or drops – just like the intonation of both languages. Fascinating. Anyway, it’s time to find out how much you have learnt Finn. Earlier I asked, according to a survey, which one of these words was discovered to be the most common first word for a baby to say – not including Mummy or Daddy

a) dog

b) eat

c) bus

Finn: And I thought it would be a) dog

Rob: You are right. Dog is one of ten words that babies in the UK say first. Well, that’s all we have time for today. Please join us again for another 6 Minute English soon

Both: Bye